Effect of Metalloid Compound and Bio-Solution Additives on Biodiesel Engine Performance and Exhaust Emissions

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to perform comparative analysis of the effect of the different fuel additives as polymer based-bio-solution, natural organic based-bio-solution and nano-titanium metalloid (TiO₂) compound on the performance parameters and exhuast emissions of a pickup Diesel engine, operating on commercial Diesel fuel (D) and B5 palm biodiesel (95% D+5% palm oil). The basic properties of the fuel blended with TiO₂ metalloid compound and bio-solution based additives were measured according to ASTM standard. Engine performance of a pickup diesel engine was investigated by testing on a chassis dynamometer with the simulation of road load condition. It was found that TiO₂ based-additive is more effective for improving engine power than pure Diesel and B5 fuels by 7.78% and 1.36%, respectively. Meanwhile, with using TiO₂ additive, the maximum engine torque on average increased by 1.01% and 1.53% in the wide range between 1,700 and 3,000 rpm as compared with Diesel and B5 fuels, respectively. The TiO₂ and natural organic additives is significantly effective on Diesel fuel for reducing brake specific fuel consumption reached by 13.22% and 10.01%, respectively as compared with pure Diesel. Moreover, the exhuast emissions (NO_x, CO and CO₂) decreased from the engine using the TiO₂ additive in Diesel fuel and natural organic additive in Diesel fuel.