Development and Cultivation of Local Kidney Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L) Through Breeding to use Multi gamma Irradiation Technique (Nuclear)

Abstract

Mutation on the all species of plant were generally caused by gamma or multi gamma radiation sources. The largest effect of that was occurred on chromosome and genetic factor, specially on structure and composition of chromosome and Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid (DNA). This case can be used for breeding of several important plants in Agricultural science. The objectives of this research is to develop of local kidney bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L) that tolerant to dry condition and high production. Multi gamma radiation and selection are the main methods to use in this research and other methods comprised of observation/survey, sampling, comparison, analyzing and interpretation. The number of mutant varieties of kidney bean (superior seed of mutant) obtained in this research based on selection method are ten mutant varieties. The growth percentage rate, protein content of control and mutant variety of kidney bean were estimated respectively of 97, 22.54 and 24.21%. The production of mutant kidney bean was between 3.97 tons/ha up to 5.28 tons/ha and the average production was 4.71 tons/ha. The average production of control was 2.60 tons/ha, in order that the production was significantly increased by 44.80%.